Chester w



- c. w. METZGAR.

FLUID COMPRESSOR. v APPLICATION mm AUG-3, 1921;

1,430,577. Patented 00a 3,1922.

I fImvsNfon h rPEM i 30 with this type Patented Oct. 3, 1922.

" UNITED sTA as CHESTER W. METZGAR, OF EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T INGERSOLL-RAND COMPANY, OFJ'ERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY,A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

- FLUID comrnnsson.

Application filed August 3, 1921. Serial No. 489,625.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHESTER W. Mn'rz- GAR, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Easton, county of Northampton,

15 and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain Fluid Compressor, of which the following is a specification, accompanied by drawings. i Y

This invention relates to compressors, but

more particularly to a compressor for compressing gas with varying discharge pressures.

In pumping gas, for instance, from a gas bell supplied from any suitable source, for use at a remote point, as in a city supply,

the condition arisesin whichthe' compressors shall continue to operate forxa short time, without however, pumping gas from the, gas bell., Otherwise continuous pumping would drain down the gas in the bell to an undesirable point. I

.A regulator of the type disclosed inmy copending application, Serial No. 489,626, filed August 3, 1921, has been selected to illustratethe invention, which regulator will unload the compressor step by step according to successive changes in a predetermined line pressure and will completely unload the compressor at this pressure as usual of regulator. The. object of the present lnvention is to enable the compressor to be completely unloaded when the line pressure falls below the predetermined pressure, at which the regulator has hereto- 85 fore unloaded the compressor. s The clearance pockets, designed for unloading at a predetermined pressure, vwould not have sufficient volume to completely unloadthe compressorat a pressure lower than the predetermined pressure, and my invention inits preferred form enables the conditions to be met with the'same clearance pockets by by-pa 1ng the fluid from one pocket to another, when all the clearance I valves are open,'so that the gas is by-passed from one end of the cylinder to the other.

My invention avoids the use ofhand starting unloaders, because thecompressor may be started against the' pressure in the, d1scharge line, and the gas will be circulated back and. forth, through the clearance pockets'and by-pa'ss fromone end of the compressor to .theother, until the bypass is closed automatiea'lly 'the regulator duplex 7 low 'pjiston B, and another 10w The invention is shown in one of its preferred forms in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view partly longitudinal section of portions of a compressor embodying the invention, and

t Figure 2 is an enlarged detail longitudinal sectional view of one of the by-pass valves.

1 Referring to the drawings, the compressor 2 maybe of any suitable type, but 'I have chosen for illustrative purposes to show a pressure compressor having a low pressure cylinder A and double acting pressure cylinder and double acting piston D. The pistons, having the piston rods E and F may be driven from any suitable source or sources of power (not shown) and the cylinders are provided respectively with clearance pockets G and H, and J and K communicating with the cylinders and controlled by suitable clearance valves T'contained in the valve casings 1, 2, 3 'andj l respectively mounted onthe heads 0 and P of the cylinder A and similar valves T in similar valve casings 1, 2, 3 and 4, mounted on the air heads Q and R of the cylinder B. The compressor valves S for'the cylinder A and the valves U for the cylinder B, which 'may be of the plate type, are mounted inthe air heads and serve as inlet or discharge valves in the usual manner. The compressor cylinders are assumed to be connected by suitable piping to each other and to the main re- V, the piping not being shown for the sake of simplicity. I v

The chambers W in the air heads, in

-which the clearance valves T operate, communicate with the various clearance pockets G, H, J and K in the cylinders A and C by means ofthe ports X, and the pockets are provided with by-pass ports Y so that adjacent pockets maybe connected by by-pass connections in the form of casings Z, controlled byby-pass valves a operating in bypass casings P. v

The clearance valvesT and bypass valves a may all be preferably of theconstruction shown in detail infiFigure 2, in whichthe valve seat I) is provided with a guide 0 over which the hollow head d of a valve T or a 'slides,and upon Which th'e valve is guided.

A'spring e, compressed between the guide a and the valve head d, tends to open the valve I vlzheh iiiit pressure nan the receiver V, which tends to close the valve, is relieved. A pin 7' passing through a stuffing box g hears againstthe valve head d and against the piston operating in the piston chamber 7'. Recelver pressure is supplied to vthe chamber j behind the piston it through a suitable pipe connection 41. The by-pass 10 fo r nde ing v, anthem, e fea "an a s pflfipo the v'alv'ecasings 4 are provided timed- 'ust'able set screws k in the casing heads 6. set screws ma be -tended With seame ends pane eek h s arid when F f s rew iss v d 1 ii i i T "r was e 1. il ri din y t pass valve will be maintained closed, p, The clearance valves T and the rayass wives it are all adaptedfto be maintained in ll d'position by receiver pressure re me r eiver, t a ve' l f 'h mf'e a l one near d ,b ijitali e pi e, 1 connfectifi to [the r snot the-type the valves inoperative by i've a l t't 5i 'f g l described in ,iny 'c'o-pendi'fig application, :se'r a o 0. eafiiafi Aug st 49 regulator, operates substantially, the w nne as he e 'u t' i is l j g g 'IJin see Pat t ts L027. 7 31 153;"9Jfid 15021760 gam a, 19 2, to genital frellwitz, assi nor ,ln eispn- .MJid id'TQ p fly-i In sue a g lii d' t movements of a plural'ity, of main '1'' tor 35'va1vjs w'thin th'e valv -chest T for (sentimlin th dfi 5 b d n ef he di presson are 'intujrii controlldbya'n aug'ril l a f'y, regulator valve within e valve chest a. Withsuch'a regulator, 'c1arance pockets "of a'ndr o p'ef reachesfsuccessively attained pressures Without descrihlng the internal co listt iction of the regulator 's, {it will be sufiicie'nt for the, urposeso-f this inve'r'i'tionf tode'scribe fi i d a fl p i n- I i e v la ines v1, 2, a and i t y nd r Aa' 'p n e to thesimirany numbered valv cas'irigsfl, 2, 33 34 H a "the' pipes '1", 2, stand 4?, which are tllfn iz n e by br i ch 'p p w fi the Valve these ef the reg lator 19, ;so that "the clearance valves T are operateuin pairs. The 'valve casin'gs 4? ofthe byj-pass ,valve a are all connected bybrla'nc'hjj ipes 4 "tetra pipes 4P,vvhich connect the va ve caskof the pairs ofcleara'rice/valves T a "so, e hen he lastlp a'ir of tie-agitate "f valves is opened in the successive step by y step operation of unloading relieving-the Q pressure v the heads of j clearance valves T, a11'theby-passvalves aaiealso Valves are provided With manna mates.

opened in order to open the by-pass connections be ween theadjac'ehtjhlm nee pockets G and and J and In t a last successive step of unloading, the compressor vvill be completely unloaded because the fl i -wil b P mped b k a dc orthi one end of a cylinder to the other through adjacent clearance pockets, which are in communication through the open by-pass The valve chest 7 of the regulator s is connected by a pipe 't to the e 'u, which cohhects the i eceiver tank V Wit the casing *b of a flriidcacti' iated device ,having, a lever adapted to be connected by means "of a seam to the auxiliary "controlling valve "of theregulatpr' s. Th lever w is pivoted at y on tl iefrar'fie 4), aiid the weight of the lever is carrl ed on a pine movable in any suitable manner aoidance with. successively attained "receiver pressures. Theeficl of the Iver may be weighted by the weights 2' and a rod 3 pivoted at 4* to the lever i2) ex- 7 tends throu the frame of the device and is provided with "a cap -5, between which said the 'frar n'e; the spring '5 is compressed for fesi s'fin upwardymovemeiics or the lever. stop 6 o theiod 3 1iinits "the downward *mevemem of "the *lever. Fluid "pressure is 'ekhEiiistedffi-tifn "the valve chest a through the exhaust pi e 7 c'oifiinuniciitin Withthe bottom of the valve chest and t e exhaust pi e 8 t ihiih il'nictttin with the'tbp' bf the as ve eha 'thiaa h e efraine' a or the that all of gain valves have been -"saeeeasivei .aateaaeeauy o ante sad the e mpf 'ssa f v eompletly 'unl am. The reviewer-the ay-"pass valves "a "avoids 'e necessity of opening and closiii" "handunloadefvalvs and a on the ischarge: line when the g l "isstartednp aga' inSHtheIpf' S- sure in i the discbarge line. imaeeoruance nstrii'ction, the "cb'fil'p'ressor is 11introlling two adjacent pockets for completely unloading the compressor.

2. A fluid compressor comprising a cylinder and piston, clearance pockets adapted to communicate with each end of the cylinder, fluid actuated clearance valves controlling communication between the cylinder and said pockets, a by-pass connecting adjacent pockets, and a fluid actuated valve controlling said by-pass connection.

8. A fluid compressor, comprising a cylinder and piston, clearance pockets formed in the walls of the cylinder adapted to communicate with each end of the cylinder, fluid actuated clearance valves controlling communication between the cylinder and said pockets, and fluid actuated means for connecting two adjacent pockets at a predetermined line pressure for completely unloading the compressor. v

4. A fluid compressor comprising a cylinder and piston, clearance pockets adapted to communicate with each end of the cylinder, fluid actuated clearance valvescontrolling communication between the cylinder and said pockets, a bypass connecting adjacent pockets, and a fluid actuated valve automatically controlling said by-pass connection.

5. A fluid compressor comprising a cylinder and piston, clearance pockets adapted to communicate with each end of the cylinder, clearance valves controlling said pockets, means for automatically connecting two pockets at a predetermined line pressure,

and manual means for rendering said automatic means inoperative.

6. A fluid compressor comprlsmg a cylinder and piston, clearance pockets adapted to communicate with each end of the cylinder, fluid actuated clearance valves controlling communication between the cylinder and said pockets, fluid actuated means for connecting two adjacent pockets at a predetermined line pressure for completely unloading the compressor, and manual means for rendering said fluid actuated means inoperative.

7. A fluid compressor comprising a cylinder and piston, clearance pockets adapted to communicate with each end of the cylinder, fluid actuated clearance valves controlling communication between the cylinder and said pockets, a by-pass connecting adjacent pockets, a fluid actuated valve automatically controlling said by-pass connection, and manual means for closing and maintaining said by-pass valve closed;

8. A fluid compressor comprising a cylinder and piston, clearance pockets adapted to communicate with each end ofthe cylinder, fluid actuated clearance valves controlling communication between the cylinder and said pockets and adapted to be actuated in succession as the line pressure reaches successively attained pressure, a by-pass connecting adjacent pockets, and a fluid pressure valve controlling said by-pass connection and adapted to be actuated substantially simultaneously with the movement of that clearance valve of the compressor last in order to be actuated.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

CHESTER W. METZGAR. 

